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Emission Reduction Credit
What is an Emission Reduction Credit? An Emission Reduction Credit (ERC) is a credit granted upon request by an emission source who voluntarily reduces emissions beyond required levels of control. An Emission Reduction Credit represents the legal ability to emit regulated pollutants in an amount equal to the quantity specified when the Emission Reduction Credit was granted. Emission Reduction Credits may be sold, leased, banked for future use, or traded in accordance with applicable regulations established by SWCAA. Emission Reduction Credits are intended to provide an incentive for reducing emissions below required levels, and to establish a framework to promote a market based approach to air pollution control. What
is a Certified Emission
Reduction? We provide Certified Emission Reduction, Emission Reduction Credits, Certified Emission Reductions, Tradable Renewable Certificates, Renewable Energy Certificates, Carbon Dioxide Credits, Energy Efficiency Credits and "Pollution Free Power™" energy project development services. From project design and engineering, to financing permitting and installation, we provide turnkey solutions. This includes Solar Water Heating Systems, Solar Electric Power Systems, Solar CHP, Solar Cogeneration and Solar Trigeneration power and energy systems. We also offer energy-saving technologies that may include; Absorption Chillers, Adsorption Chillers, Automated Demand Response, Cogeneration, Demand Response Programs, Demand Side Management, Energy Master Planning, Engine Driven Chillers, Trigeneration and Energy Conservation Measures. We provide Emission Reduction Credits, Certified Emission Reductions, Tradable Renewable Certificates, Renewable Energy Certificates, Carbon Dioxide Credits, Energy Efficiency Credits and "Pollution Free Power™" energy project development services. Cooler, Cleaner, Greener Power & Energy Solutions™ project development services are one of our specialties. These projects are Kyoto Protocol compliant and generate clean energy and significantly fewer greenhouse gas emissions. Unlike most companies, we are equipment supplier/vendor neutral. This means we help our clients select the best equipment for their specific application. This approach provides our customers with superior performance, decreased operating expenses and increased return on investment. Cogeneration
Technologies, located in Houston, Texas, provides
project development services that generate clean energy and significantly
reduce greenhouse gas emissions and
carbon dioxide emissions.
Included in this are our
turnkey "ecogeneration™"
products and services which includes renewable
energy technologies, waste to energy,
waste to watts™ and waste
heat recovery solutions. Other project development
technologies include; Anaerobic Digester,
Anaerobic Lagoon, Biogas
Recovery, BioMethane, Biomass
Gasification, and Landfill Gas To
Energy, project development services.
We are Renewable Energy Technologies specialists and develop clean power and energy projects that will generate a "Renewable Energy Credit," Carbon Dioxide Credits and Emission Reduction Credits. Some of our products and services solutions and technologies include; Absorption Chillers, Adsorption Chillers, Automated Demand Response, Biodiesel Refineries, Biofuel Refineries, Biomass Gasification, BioMethane, Canola Biodiesel, Coconut Biodiesel, Cogeneration, Concentrating Solar Power, Demand Response Programs, Demand Side Management, Energy Conservation Measures, Energy Master Planning, Engine Driven Chillers, Geothermal Heatpumps, Groundsource Heatpumps, Solar CHP, Solar Cogeneration, Rapeseed Biodiesel, Solar Electric Heat Pumps, Solar Electric Power Systems, Solar Heating and Cooling, Solar Trigeneration, Soy Biodiesel, Trigeneration, and Watersource Heatpumps. For more information: call us at: 832-758-0027
What is a "Renewable Energy Credit?" "REC's" are created
when a Renewable Energy project is certified and begins producing
renewable energy. Renewable energy projects create green power which
helps reduce pollution. Renewable Energy Credits are the group of environmental benefits
society benefits from in the production of green power. The
green-power (electricity) is sold into the local electric grid where the
renewable energy project is located. The REC's are sold separately
as a commodity into the marketplace.
What is BioMethane and BioMethanation? The cost of producing
BioMethane, after installation of the
BioMass Gasification equipment used to produce BioMethane (the process of
making BioMethane is called "BioMethanation") is called is
essentially free. More About
Biomass
Gasification and BioMethanation Technology The production and disposal of large quantities of organic and biodegradable waste without adequate or proper treatment results in widespread environmental pollution. Some waste streams can be treated by conventional methods like aeration. Compared to the aerobic method, the use of anaerobic digesters in processing these waste streams provides greater economic and environmental benefits and advantages. As previously stated,
Biomethanation is the process of conversion of organic matter in the waste (liquid or solid) to
BioMethane (sometimes referred to as "BioGas) and manure by microbial action in the absence of
air, known as "anaerobic digestion." Interest in BioMethanation as an
economic, environmental and energy-saving waste treatment continues to gain
greater interest world-wide and has led to the development of a range of anaerobic reactor designs. These high-rate,
high-efficiency anaerobic digesters are also referred to as "retained biomass reactors" since they are based on the concept of retaining viable biomass by sludge immobilization. Biomass is a renewable energy resource which includes a wide variety if organic resources. A few of these include wood, agricultural residue/waste, and animal manure. Biomass Gasification is the process in which BioMethane is produced in the BioMass Gasification process. The BioMethane is then used like any other fuel, such as natural gas, which is not a renewable fuel. Historically, biomass use has been characterized by low btu and low efficiencies. However, today biomass gasification is gaining world-wide recognition and favor due to the economic and environmental benefits. In terms of economic benefits, the cost of the BioMethane is essentially free, after the cost of the equipment is installed. BioMethane, probably the most important and efficient energy-conversion technology for a wide variety of biomass fuels. The large-scale deployment of efficient technology along with interventions to enhance the sustainable supply of biomass fuels can transform the energy supply situation in rural areas. It has the potential to become the growth engine for rural development in the country. Principles of Biomass Gasification Biomass fuels such as firewood and agriculture-generated residues and wastes are generally organic. They contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen along with some moisture. Under controlled conditions, characterized by low oxygen supply and high temperatures, most biomass materials can be converted into a gaseous fuel known as producer gas, which consists of carbon monoxide, hydrogen, carbon dioxide, methane and nitrogen. This thermo-chemical conversion of solid biomass into gaseous fuel is called biomass gasification. The producer gas so produced has low a calorific value (1000-1200 Kcal/Nm3), but can be burnt with a high efficiency and a good degree of control without emitting smoke. Each kilogram of air-dry biomass (10% moisture content) yields about 2.5 Nm3 of producer gas. In energy terms, the conversion efficiency of the gasification process is in the range of 60%-70%. Multiple Advantages of Biomass Gasification in Methane Production Conversion of solid biomass into combustible gas has all the advantages associated with using gaseous and liquid fuels such as clean combustion, compact burning equipment, high thermal efficiency and a good degree of control. In locations, where biomass is already available at reasonable low prices (e.g. rice mills) or in industries using fuel wood, gasifier systems offer definite economic advantages. Biomass gasification technology is also environment-friendly, because of the firewood savings and reduction in CO2 emissions. Biomass gasification technology has the potential to replace diesel and other petroleum products in several applications, foreign exchange. Applications for Biomass Gasification Thermal applications: cooking, water boiling, steam generation, drying etc. Motive power applications: Using producer gas as a fuel in IC engines for applications such as water pumping Electricity generation: Using producer gas in dual-fuel mode in diesel engines/as the only fuel in spark ignition engines/in gas turbines. Publicly Owned Treatment Works ("POTW's") or Wastewater Treatment Systems More and more, cities, counties and municipalities are faced with greater environmental compliance issues relating to their municipally-owned landfills, Publicly Owned Treatment Works ("POTW's") or Wastewater Treatment Systems. A city's landfill and/or POTW provides an excellent opportunity for cities to reduce their emissions as well as provide an additional revenue stream. These facilities may have valuable gases that our company recovers and pipes to one of our clean, environmentally-friendly cogeneration or trigeneration energy systems. Our company provides economic and ecological solutions for cities and municipalities with environmental liabilities (air emissions) associated with POTW operation and provide a new cash flow simultaneously. We offer turn-key solutions for cities that includes the preliminary feasibility analysis, engineering and design, project management, permitting and commissioning. We provide very attractive financing packages for cities that does not add to a city's liability, yet provides a valuable new revenue stream. And, we are also able to offer a turn-key solution for qualified municipalities that includes our company owning, operating and maintaining the onsite power and energy plant. At the heart of
the system is a (Bio) Methane Gas Recovery system similar those used in Flare Gas Recovery or Vapor Recovery
Units. Methane Gas Recovery, Flare Gas Recovery,
Vapor Recovery, Waste to Energy and Vapor Recovery Units all recover valuable
"waste" or vented fuels that can be used to provide fuel for an
onsite power generation plant. Our waste-to-energy and waste to fuel
systems significantly or entirely, reduces your facility's emissions (such
as Methane Gas
Recovery
and vapor recovery units can be located in hundreds of applications and
locations. At a landfill, Wastewaster Treatment System (or Publicly Owned
Treatment Works - "POTW") gases from the facility can be
captured from the anaerobic digesters, and manifolded/piped to one of our
onsite power generation plants, and make, essentially, "free"
electricity for your facility's use. These
associated "biogases"
that are generated from municipally owned landfills or wastewater
treatment plants have low btu content or heating values, ranging around
550-650 btu's. This makes them
Additionally, if heat (steam and/or hot water) is required, we will incorporate our cogeneration or trigeneration system into the project and provide some, or all, of your hot water/steam requirements. Similarly, at crude oil refineries, gas processing plants, exploration and production sites, and gasoline storage/tank farm site, we convert your facility's "waste fuel" and environmental liabilities into profitable, environmentally-friendly solutions. Our Methane Gas
Recovery systems are designed and engineered for
these specific applications. It is important to note that there are
many internal combustion engines or combustion turbines that are NOT
suited for these applications. Our systems are engineered precisely
for your facility's application, and our engineers know the engines and
turbines that will work as well as those that don't. More
importantly, we are vendor and supplier neutral! Our only
concerns are for the optimum system solution Our turn-key systems includes design, engineering, permitting, project management, commissioning, as well as financing for our qualified customers. Additionally, we may be interested in owning and operating the flare gas recovery or vapor recovery units. For these applications, there is no investment required from the customer. For more information, please provide us with the following information about the flare gas or vapor:
Many industrial processes
generate large amounts of waste energy that simply pass out of plant
stacks and into the atmosphere or are otherwise lost. Most industrial
waste heat streams are liquid, gaseous, or a combination of the two and
have temperatures from slightly above ambient to over 2000 degrees F.
Stack exhaust losses are inherent in all fuel-fired processes and increase
with the exhaust temperature and the amount of excess air the exhaust
contains. At stack gas temperatures greater than 1000 degrees F, the heat
going up the stack is likely to be the single biggest loss in the process.
Above 1800 degrees F, stack losses will consume at least half of the total
fuel input to the process. Yet, the energy that is recovered from waste
heat streams could displace part or all of the energy input needs for a
unit operation within a plant. Therefore, waste heat recovery offers a
great opportunity to productively use this energy, reducing overall plant
energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. Common methods of
recovering heat include direct heat recovery to the process, recuperators/regenerators,
and waste heat boilers. Unfortunately, the economic benefits of waste heat
recovery do not justify the cost of these systems in every application.
For example, heat recovery from lower temperature waste streams (e.g., hot
water or low-temperature flue gas) is thermodynamically limited. Equipment
fouling, occurring during the handling of “dirty” waste streams, is
another barrier to more widespread use of heat recovery systems.
Innovative, affordable waste heat recovery methods that are
ultra-efficient, are applicable to low-temperature streams, or are
suitable for use with corrosive or “dirty” wastes could expand the
number of viable applications of waste heat recovery, as well as improve
the performance of existing applications. Low-Temperature
Waste Heat Recovery Methods – A large amount of energy in the form of
medium- to low-temperature gases or low-temperature liquids (less than
about 250 degrees F) is released from process heating equipment, and much
of this energy is wasted. Recovery of Waste Heat in Cogeneration In most cogeneration and trigeneration power and energy systems, the exhaust gas from the electric generation equipment is ducted to a heat exchanger to recover the thermal energy in the gas. These heat exchangers are air-to-water heat exchangers, where the exhaust gas flows over some form of tube and fin heat exchange surface and the heat from the exhaust gas is transferred to make hot water or steam. The hot water or steam is then used to provide hot water or steam heating and/or to operate thermally activated equipment, such as an absorption chiller for cooling or a desiccant dehumidifer for dehumidification. Many of the waste heat recovery technologies used in building co/trigeneration systems require hot water, some at moderate pressures of 15 to 150 psig. In the cases where additional steam or pressurized hot water is needed, it may be necessary to provide supplemental heat to the exhaust gas with a duct burner. In some applications air-to-air heat exchangers can be used. In other instances, if the emissions from the generation equipment are low enough, such as is with many of the microturbine technologies, the hot exhaust gases can be mixed with make-up air and vented directly into the heating system for building heating. In the majority of installations, a flapper damper or "diverter" is employed to vary flow across the heat transfer surfaces of the heat exchanger to maintain a specific design temperature of the hot water or steam generation rate. Typical Waste
Heat Recovery Installation
In some co/trigeneration designs, the exhaust gases can be used to activate a thermal wheel or a desiccant dehumidifier. Thermal wheels use the exhaust gas to heat a wheel with a medium that absorbs the heat and then transfers the heat when the wheel is rotated into the incoming airflow. A professional engineer should be involved in designing and sizing of the waste heat recovery section. For a proper and economical operation, the design of the heat recovery section involves consideration of many related factors, such as the thermal capacity of the exhaust gases, the exhaust flow rate, the sizing and type of heat exchanger, and the desired parameters over a various range of operating conditions of the co/trigeneration system — all of which need to be considered for proper and economical operation. For more information on Publicly Owned Treatment Works & Wastewater Treatment Systems, Flare Gas Recovery, Vapor Recovery Units, Waste To Fuel/Waste To Energy systems, and Waste Heat Recovery. |
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